Sectoral Information
DELIVERY FORMS
ICC (International Chamber Of Commerce) The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is an organization that describes the risks and responsibilities of international trade in terms of buyers, sellers and transporters. International trade takes place within the framework of this room. This institution collects the possibilities related to the way the goods are delivered between the buyer and the seller under general headings. These delivery forms are called INCOTERMS.
DELIVERY FORMS (INCOTERMS 2010)
Delivery Shapes have been changed. The ICC issued the revision of Incoterms 2010 on September 27, 2010. The revision was put into practice as of January 1, 2011. INCOTERMS is a term created by bringing together some syllables from English (International commercial terms). INCOTERMS are prepared by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) (International Chamber of Commerce) (MTO). The most radical change was the abolition of the four rules. The terms DAF (Delivered at Frontier), DES (Delivered Ex Ship), DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) and DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) are valid from the beginning of 2011 they removed. Instead, two new terms were introduced: DAT (Delivered at Terminal / Delivered at Terminal) and DAP (Delivered at Place). Thus, the number of Incoterms rules has been reduced to 13 11. INCOTERMS also divided into two groups in general. The rules covering all types of transport were identified as seven, EXW - FCA - CPT - CIP - DAT - DAP - DDP. The FAS - FOB - CFR - CIF rules were also collected under the name "classification of marine and wastewater - specific rules" to include transport types made only by waterways. On the other hand, very important changes have been made in the FAS - FOB - CFR - CIF rules.
DELIVERED IN WORK / EX WORKS (EXW)
"On-the-job delivery" means the seller's delivery of merchandise on his own or in a designated place elsewhere (such as factory, warehouse, workplace) for the disposal of the buyer. EXW represents the minimum obligation for the seller. FCA (Free Carrier) is more convenient for international trade, this rule is suitable for domestic trade.
Features of the delivery feature:
The seller informs the buyer of the commodities by keeping the buyer's emrine ready on the date specified previously. Buyer takes delivery without operating goods, prepares documents for export, completes customs transactions and imports goods into his / her country. Since the goods are delivered to the enterprise, all costs and risks related to the goods are covered by the buyer.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller keeps emergy of the buyer in the place specified in the contract within the specified date or time by preparing the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract, not loaded on any transportation vehicle (factory, warehouse, workplace etc.). The buyer informs the buyer that emrine is ready. It helps the buyer to obtain documents related to export. In case the buyer requests, he shall make a deal with the transport agent at the expense and risk of the buyer and send the transport document he has issued to the buyer so that the goods can be delivered at the place of destination. There is no obligation of the seller to carry out a contract of carriage and insurance against the buyer. If there is no clear spot on the designated delivery point, and if there are several suitable points, the seller may choose the most appropriate one for these purposes. The seller must pay the relevant costs (quality control, measurement, weighing, counting, etc.) for the delivery of the goods.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. The license, etc. required for all kinds of export and import transactions related to the goods, at the expense and risk itself. to issue administrative and commercial documents, to obtain necessary permits, to undertake customs procedures and to pay customs duties. All risks and expenses related to the goods from the time the goods are delivered to the seller by the seller are the buyer's responsibility. In order to transport the goods, the transportation agent agrees with the freight cost. The buyer must provide the seller with the documents and proofs that he has received the goods. The buyer must pay all kinds of examination expenses before the shipment, including the inspection costs foreseen in the exporting country.
FREE CARRIER (FCA)
"Carrier without Charge" means the seller's goods are delivered to the carrier or other person designated by the buyer at the workplace or other specified location.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery, the seller completes the customs clearance of the goods and completes the delivery of the goods delivered to the first carrier under the supervision of the specified date and place. From this moment on, all costs and risks related to the goods go to the buyer. The freight charge is also paid by the buyer like all other expenses.
Seller's Obligations:
The FCA rule requires customs clearance for exports to the extent that the merchant's merchandise is applied. The Seller shall arrange all documents necessary for the export of the goods, complete all documents necessary for the export of the goods, and complete customs clearance, at his own risk and expense. There is no obligation of the seller to carry out a contract of carriage and insurance against the buyer. Upon the buyer's request, the shipping agent agrees with the buyer that all costs are to be borne by the buyer. The goods are delivered to the carrier or to the transport agency on the date and place determined by the transport agency. If there is no clear spot on the designated delivery point and if there are a few suitable points,
it may choose the most suitable for its purpose. All costs and risks until the time of delivery are the seller's obligation. The seller must pay the costs associated with the control procedures (quality control, measurement, weighing, counting, etc.) necessary for the delivery of the goods and the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities. The seller gives to the buyer the usual delivery evidence that the goods have been delivered at their own expense.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. It will deliver the goods on the specified date and place. From this moment all the costs and risks belong to the buyer. It is obliged to pay customs duties and costs by obtaining documents or permits related to import. He pays the freight fee by making an agreement with the shipping agent. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
CARRIAGE PAID TO (CPT)
"Paid as Paid" means the seller must deliver the goods to a carrier or other person chosen by him or her (if such a place has not been agreed by the parties), and the seller must pay the transport costs and transportation charges necessary to bring the goods to the specified destination would. When the CPT is used in a prescribed manner (just as in the CIP, CFR or CIF rules), the seller fulfills the obligation to deliver the merchandise, not when the goods arrive at the place of arrival, but when the goods are deposited in accordance with the relevant rules.
Features of the delivery feature:
This type of delivery is especially used in multi-vehicle transport types. The seller is obliged to pay the freight charge up to the destination. From the moment the goods are handed over to the first carrier, all risk and non-freight costs related to the goods pass to the buyer.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller prepares the goods according to the contract conditions. They prepare documents that the buyer needs to use in his country. Completes customs clearance. He contracts with the shipping agent and pays the freight charge to the port of destination. As soon as the goods are handed over to the surveillance of the first carrier, get rid of all risks and expenses related to the goods. It informs the buyer that the delivery has been made and the possible date of arrival. The seller must pay the costs associated with the control procedures (quality control, measurement, weighing, counting, etc.) necessary for the delivery of the goods and the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. Completes customs clearance by regulating customs documents for import. He pays customs taxes. From the delivery of the goods to the first carrier, all costs and risks related to goods other than freight belong to the buyer. Customs costs incurred by the transit carriage are also covered by the buyer. If the freight is not included in the bedeline, it will be delivered to the agency by paying the unloading costs. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
CARRIAGE AND INSURED PAID TO (CIP) AS A PAYMENT AND INSURANCE PAID
The "Carrying and Insurance Paid" rule states that the seller must deliver the goods to a carrier or other person chosen by him or her (if the parties have not agreed to such a place) and the seller must pay the transportation costs and the transportation charges .
When the CIP is used in principle (as in the CPT, CFR or CIF rules), the seller fulfills its obligation to deliver the merchant, not when the goods arrive at the place of arrival, but when the goods are deposited in accordance with the relevant rules.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery the dealer will bring the limousine to charge the merchandise by taking insurance premium, freight and loading costs and risks. The seller negotiates with the ship agency and provides it. It informs the buyer that the sale of the goods at the specified date and place in the sales contract has been made. If the buyer wishes to insure against extraordinary risks (strike, war, natural disaster etc), the buyer may want to extend the insurance coverage from the seller provided that he / she pays the premium himself / herself. The seller has to pay 10% more than the cost of the goods.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller must prepare the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Seller shall arrange all documents necessary for the export of the goods, complete all documents necessary for the export of the goods, and complete customs clearance, at his own risk and expense. It is the seller's responsibility to prepare the documents that the buyer needs to use in his country. He contracts with the shipping agent and pays the freight charge to the port of destination. The seller shall insure the goods he has sent, at his own expense. The buyer must provide proof of insurance policy or other proof of insurance coverage. As soon as the goods are handed over to the surveillance of the first carrier, get rid of the related risks and expenses. From this moment on, all costs and risks related to goods other than freight and insurance premiums belong to the buyer. It notifies the buyer of the delivery date and the possible date of arrival.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. The goods will be freed without delay by paying the unloading costs and the port charges at the arrival port. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities. After delivery, all costs incurred from the freight and insurance premium are covered by the buyer. Completes customs clearance by regulating customs documents for import. All paintings, taxes and other charges, which are to be paid for import, are subject to the cost of customs clearance.
TERMINAL DELIVERED AT TERMINAL (DAT) (TERMINAL: 01.01.2011)
"Delivered at the terminal" means the seller has delivered the merchandise for the buyer's convenience, in a way evident from the transport provided at the designated terminal at the designated destination or port. The terminal may cover any location that may be open or closed, such as a terminal, a dock, a warehouse, a container ground, or a road, railway or air cargo station. DAP or DDP rules should be used if the parties intend for the seller to undertake the damage and expense related to the carriage and handling of the goods from the terminal.
Features of the delivery feature:
it can be used for multimodal (for multiple vehicles), contrary to DEQ, taking the place of the previous DEQ clause, meaning that goods will be delivered (delivered) to the buyer at the point of destination to be unloaded via transport means. DAT In other words, the emer- gency of the buyer is to leave the buyer's expenses at the terminal point specified by the buyer and the seller (this point may be a port or customs receipt or the buyer's factory) covered by the seller. All customs procedures, costs, customs duties, taxes and fees belong to the buyer. DAF, DES, and DDU are terms that are replaced. Terminals are responsible for the risk of loss / terminal related losses.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller must prepare the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. The seller must obtain all necessary permits for the export of the goods and complete the customs procedures necessary for the export of the goods or the passage from another country prior to delivery, at his own cost and expenses. The seller must make a contract of carriage for the goods to be carried to the terminal for identification of the goods at his own expense. The buyer has no obligation to make an insurance contract against the buyer. The seller must deliver the merchandise at the agreed delivery point or terminal at the agreed delivery date, freeing the goods from the carriage to the buyer's disposal. If a particular terminal is not agreed, the seller may choose the terminal most suitable for his / her purpose at the agreed delivery point or port. The seller pays all costs relating to the goods, as far as practicable, and the costs of customs duties for export prior to the delivery of the goods as described above, as well as all pictures, taxes and other duties to be paid for the export, as well as the costs of transfer of the goods from any country.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. To the extent practicable, the buyer must complete all customs clearance for the importation of goods and any other import permit or other formal permission, at his own discretion and at his own expense. As far as the goods are delivered in the manner described above, all costs relating to this property are the buyer's responsibility. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
DELIVERED AT PLACE (DAP) (EFFECTIVE: 01.01.2011)
"Delivered at the designated place" means the seller has delivered the goods to the buyer for the disposal of the buyer without unloading the goods at the designated destination. Features of the delivery feature: means delivery (delivery) of the goods to the buyer at a specified point to be emptied by transport means. DAP has replaced previous DAF, DES, and DDU. In other words, the DAP is to leave the buyer emrine on the transport vehicle in the ready for evacuation at the evacuation site (a port wharf, customs point, airport) designated by the buyer and the seller. All customs procedures, costs, customs duties, taxes and fees belong to the buyer. the vendor undertakes the risk of loss of the goods / transportation costs / terminal related losses determined by the goods.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller must prepare the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. The seller must obtain all necessary permits for the export of the goods and complete the customs procedures necessary for the export of the goods or the passage from another country prior to delivery, at his own cost and expenses. The seller must make a contract of carriage for the goods to be carried to the terminal for identification of the goods at his own expense. The buyer has no obligation to make an insurance contract against the buyer. The seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date, at the destination, if any, at the agreed point, for the buyer's convenience, ready to be emptied by the incoming transport. The seller pays all costs relating to the goods, as far as practicable, and the costs of customs duties for export prior to the delivery of the goods as described above, as well as all pictures, taxes and other duties to be paid for the export, as well as the costs of transfer of the goods from any country.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. To the extent practicable, the buyer must complete all customs clearance for the importation of goods and any other import permit or other formal permission, at his own discretion and at his own expense. As far as the goods are delivered in the manner described above, all costs relating to this property are the buyer's responsibility. In accordance with the carriage contract, these costs are incurred to discharge the goods from the transport vehicle so that the goods can be picked up at the specified destination, except when the goods are arranged to be owned by the seller. To the extent practicable, all photographs, taxes and other charges and any other charges that must be paid for the import of the goods must be paid by the buyer. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
CUSTOM TAX PAYED / DELIVERED DUTY PAID (DDP)
"Delivered Customs Taxes Paid" means the seller delivers the goods for customs clearance for import and for the buyer's convenience, ready to discharge in the carriage at the designated destination.
Features of the delivery feature:
This delivery is based on the same principles as DDU delivery; but in the form of DDP delivery the seller also has to pay customs taxes. It transfers goods in a way no different from a local dealer in the buyer's country. If the parties wish the buyer to assume all damages and costs relating to the customs clearance of goods for import, the DAP Rule should be used.
Seller's Obligations:
DDP Rule displays the maximum liability in terms of the vendor. The seller prepares the goods according to the contract conditions. It prepares documents that are required to be used in its own country and in the recipient country. Export and Import Completes customs procedures. The seller must make a contract of carriage for the goods to be carried to the terminal for identification of the goods at his own expense. The buyer has no obligation to make an insurance contract against the buyer. Carrier pays freight fee by providing vehicle. All costs and risks related to the goods are subject to the seller's own risk. The delivery shall be effected by paying customs duties at the place and date specified in the recipient's country. If the sale agreement does not expressly state otherwise, the VAT and all other taxes payable on imports belong to the seller.
Buyer's Obligations:
It pays the cost of the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract and receives the goods. As long as the goods are delivered in the manner prescribed, they cover all costs related to these goods. There is no obligation of the buyer to pay any pre-shipment inspection fee ordered by the seller's export or importing country authorities.
FREE SHIPPING / FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP (FAS)
"No Charge for Ship Orientation" means that the seller delivers the merchandise at the designated loading port, leaving the ship in the direction of the chosen ship (for example, on a quay or a barge). Where the goods are in the container, it is possible that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier in a terminal rather than in the direction of the ship. In such cases, this rule is not appropriate and the FCA should be used in a legal manner.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery, the seller is responsible for bringing merchandise to the side of the ship. At the ship's dock, goods are brought to the loading station. If the ship is open, the ship is delivered to the side of the ship with the barges. Risks such as loss or damage of goods from the delivery belong to the buyer. From this moment all costs and freight related to the goods are covered by the buyer. All documents related to export in this form of delivery are prepared by the buyer. Customs transactions are also made by the buyer. If the buyer company is not able to act as an exporter in this country, it should not be selected as such.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller prepares the goods according to the terms of the contract. At the Buyer's request, all costs and risks shall belong to the buyer; helps the buyer to obtain the required documents and similar administrative and commercial documents required in his country. There is no obligation of the seller to carry out a contract of carriage and insurance against the buyer. The merchandise completes the delivery of the designated port, with the buyer bringing it to the previously designated ship on the specified date. From this moment on, all costs and risks related to the goods go to the buyer. At the request of the buyer; the vendor provides the arrangement of the loading document, which is at the expense of the buyer, and sends it to the buyer so that the goods can be delivered at the port of destination. And without delay is necessary notifications. To the extent practicable, the costs of customs clearance necessary for export and all pictures, taxes and other fees payable for export must be paid.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. Prepare the necessary documents related to export and import, pay all Customs costs. By negotiating with the shipping agent, the seller informs the seller when the ship will arrive at the loading port. Loading eMRNE takes delivery of ready made merchandise. From this moment all the costs and risks belong to the buyer. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
FREE ON BOARD (FOB)
"No Charge on Board" means that the seller delivers the goods at the designated loading port at the designated port of destination, or by delivering the goods delivered in such manner. This rule may not be appropriate for cases where the merchant delivers the merchandise to a carrier in a terminal before the merchandise is loaded on board. For example, when the goods are in the container they can be delivered in this way. In such cases, the FCA should be used in a regular manner.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery, the seller carries out the loading on the ship provided by the buyer at the specified date and place. Any damage, loss and expenses that may arise after passing through the flag of the goods market (deck) are the buyer's responsibility. The seller prepares all necessary documents for export and completes the customs clearance of the goods.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller prepares the goods according to the contract conditions. The designated port will be loaded on the ship which the buyer has provided on the specified date. There is no obligation of the seller to carry out a contract of carriage and insurance against the buyer. The buyer prepares the necessary documents to be used in his country, completing the customs procedures. It informs the buyer that the load is done. It prepares the transport document issued and the other documents that the buyer needs to use in his country and sends it to the buyer according to the payment scheme. The seller is responsible for any damage or loss that may occur until the deck of the goods' deck. To the extent practicable, the costs of customs clearance necessary for export and all pictures, taxes and other fees payable for export must be paid.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. Completes customs clearance by regulating customs documents for import. He pays customs taxes. He pays the freight cost by making an agreement with the transportation agent. At the loading port, all costs and risks associated with the goods are the buyer's responsibility once the goods have passed the lot of goods. To the extent practicable, all paintings, taxes and duties related to the importation of goods that are to be paid for import, and the costs of transit of goods from any country shall be payable. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
COST AND FREIGH (CFR)
"Costs and Freight" means that the seller delivers the goods on board or supplies the goods already delivered in this way. This rule may not be appropriate for cases where the merchant delivers the merchandise to a carrier in a terminal before the merchandise is loaded on board. For example, when the goods are in the container they can be delivered in this way. In such cases, the CPT should be used in a regular manner. When the CFR is used in principle (just as in the CIP, CPT or CIF rules), the seller fulfills the obligation to deliver the merchant, not when the goods arrive at the place of arrival, but when the goods are deposited in accordance with the relevant rules.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery form the seller will bring all the expenses and risks to the lima where the goods will be loaded. Carries out the customs procedures and carries out the loading by paying the freight fee. From this moment on, all costs and risks related to goods other than freight belong to the buyer.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller prepares the goods according to the contract conditions. They prepare documents that the buyer needs to use in his country. Completes customs clearance. He contracts with the shipping agent and pays the freight charge to the port of destination. The seller must make a contract of carriage for the goods to be carried to the terminal for identification of the goods at his own expense. The buyer has no obligation to make an insurance contract against the buyer. All expenses and risks other than freight are covered by the buyer after the goods have passed the ship's shop. The seller informs the buyer that the uploading has taken place and the possible date of arrival. It will send the issued transport document and other necessary documents to the buyer.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. Completes customs clearance by regulating customs documents for import. He pays customs taxes. The goods will be freed without delay by paying the unloading expenses and the port charges at the arrival port. He has to pay all costs incurred in relation to the goods during transport, except freight. To the extent practicable, all paintings to be paid for imports, the costs of customs duties relating to the importation of goods and goods, and the costs of transit of goods from any country shall be paid, provided that they are not covered by the carriage contract. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
COSTS, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT / COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT (CIF)
"Charges, Insurance and Freight" means the seller delivers goods on board or supplies goods already delivered in this way. This rule may not be appropriate for cases where the merchant delivers the merchandise to a carrier in a terminal before the merchandise is loaded on board. For example, when the goods are in the container they can be delivered in this way. In such cases, the CIP should be used in the set. When a CIF is used in principle (such as in the CIP, CPT or CFR rules), the seller fulfills the obligation to deliver the merchant, not when the goods arrive at the place of arrival, but when the goods are deposited in accordance with the relevant rules.
Features of the delivery feature:
In this delivery the dealer will bring the limousine to charge the merchandise by taking insurance premium, freight and loading costs and risks. The seller negotiates with the ship agency and provides it. It informs the buyer that the sale of the goods at the specified date and place in the sales contract has been made. The seller pays the insurance premium to insure the most comprehensive marine transportation insurance in accordance with the type of goods he / she installs. After the goods are loaded on board, the costs and risks outside the freight and insurance premium pass to the buyer.
Seller's Obligations:
The seller prepares the goods according to the contract conditions. They prepare documents that the buyer needs to use in his country. Completes customs clearance. The seller must carry out the transportation contract and the insurance contract to transport the goods to the terminal of the goods at his own expense. He contracts with the shipping agent and pays the freight charge to the port of destination. He insures the goods he sends and pays the insurance premium. The buyer informs the buyer that the hani is about to arrive at the arrival port on the date. It will send the issued transport document and other necessary documents to the buyer. To the extent practicable, the costs of customs clearance necessary for export, and all pictures, taxes and other charges that must be paid for export.
Buyer's Obligations:
Pays the cost of goods in accordance with the terms of the contract. Completes customs clearance by regulating customs documents for import. He pays customs taxes. The goods will be freed without delay by paying the unloading expenses and the port charges at the arrival port. After delivery, all costs incurred from the freight and insurance premium are covered by the buyer. The buyer must pay the other required pre-shipment inspection costs, excluding the pre-shipment inspection costs ordered by the exporting country authorities.
